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2018-08-10
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摘要：本文将带你了解Android应用开发之Android6.0权限封装，希望本文对大家学Android有所帮助
本文将带你了解Android应用开发之Android6.0权限封装，希望本文对大家学Android有所帮助
简介
Android6.0中对权限分为了一般权限和危险权限。
一般权限：只要在清单文件中注册即可使用。
危险权限：除了要在清单文件中注册外，还要对用户进行请求权限弹窗提醒，才可以使用。
危险权限
关于日历的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR"/>
关于相机的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
关于联系人的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_CONTACTS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_CONTACTS"/>
关于位置的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
关于电话的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_SIP"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_SIP"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>
关于传感器的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"/>
关于短信的权限：
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS"/>
关于SD卡的权限
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
Java代码 import android.app.Activity; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Build; import android.provider.Settings; import android.support.annotation.NonNull; import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat; import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.util.Log; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * Created by zhoujian on 2017/3/5. */ public class BasePermissionsActivity extends Activity { public static final String TAG = "BasePermissionsActivity"; public static int REQUEST_CODE = 0; public void requestPermission(String[] permissions,int requestCode) { this.REQUEST_CODE = requestCode; //检查权限是否授权 if(checkPermissions(permissions)) { permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE); } else { List<String> needPermissions = getPermissions(permissions); ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, needPermissions.toArray(new String[needPermissions.size()]), REQUEST_CODE); } } private List<String> getPermissions(String[] permissions) { List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>(); for (String permission : permissions) { if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) { permissionList.add(permission); } } return permissionList; } @Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) { if (verificationPermissions(grantResults)) { permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE); } else { permissionFailing(REQUEST_CODE); showFaiingDialog(); } } } private boolean verificationPermissions(int[] results) { for (int result : results) { if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { return false; } } return true; } /** * 检测所有的权限是否都已授权 * * @param permissions * @return */ private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions) { if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT<Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { return true; } for(String permission:permissions) { if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(BasePermissionsActivity.this,permission)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { return false; } } return true; } private void showFaiingDialog() { new AlertDialog.Builder(this) .setTitle("消息") .setMessage("当前应用无此权限，该功能暂时无法使用。如若需要，请单击确定按钮进行权限授权！") .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { return; } }) .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { startSettings(); } }).show(); } private void startSettings() { Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS); intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName())); startActivity(intent); } public void permissionFailing(int code) { Log.d(TAG, "获取权限失败=" + code); } public void permissinSucceed(int code) { Log.d(TAG, "获取权限成功=" + code); } } import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.util.Log;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by zhoujian on 2017/3/5.
*/
public class BasePermissionsActivity extends Activity
{
public static final String TAG = "BasePermissionsActivity";
public static int REQUEST_CODE = 0;
public void requestPermission(String[] permissions,int requestCode)
{
this.REQUEST_CODE = requestCode;
//检查权限是否授权
if(checkPermissions(permissions))
{
permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE);
}
else
{
List<String> needPermissions = getPermissions(permissions);
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, needPermissions.toArray(new String[needPermissions.size()]), REQUEST_CODE);
}
}
private List<String> getPermissions(String[] permissions)
{
List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
permissionList.add(permission);
}
}
return permissionList;
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
if (verificationPermissions(grantResults)) {
permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE);
} else {
permissionFailing(REQUEST_CODE);
showFaiingDialog();
}
}
}
private boolean verificationPermissions(int[] results)
{
for (int result : results) {
if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 检测所有的权限是否都已授权
*
* @param permissions
* @return
*/
private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions)
{
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT<Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
{
return true;
}
for(String permission:permissions)
{
if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(BasePermissionsActivity.this,permission)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private void showFaiingDialog()
{
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle("消息")
.setMessage("当前应用无此权限，该功能暂时无法使用。如若需要，请单击确定按钮进行权限授权！")
.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
return;
}
})
.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
startSettings();
}
}).show();
}
private void startSettings() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
startActivity(intent);
}
public void permissionFailing(int code) {
Log.d(TAG, "获取权限失败=" + code);
}
public void permissinSucceed(int code) {
Log.d(TAG, "获取权限成功=" + code);
}
}
Java代码 import android.Manifest; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.MediaStore; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends BasePermissionsActivity { private Intent intent; private Button mTake_phone; private Button mTake_photo; protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initViews(); clickEvents(); } private void initViews() { mTake_phone = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_phone); mTake_photo = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_photo); } private void clickEvents() { mTake_phone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},1); } }); mTake_photo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},2); } }); } /** * 权限成功回调函数 * * @param requestCode */ @Override public void permissinSucceed(int requestCode) { super.permissinSucceed(requestCode); switch (requestCode) { case 1: intent= new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:15855759639")); startActivity(intent); break; case 2: intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); startActivity(intent); break; } } @Override public void permissionFailing(int code) { super.permissionFailing(code); } } import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends BasePermissionsActivity
{
private Intent intent;
private Button mTake_phone;
private Button mTake_photo;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initViews();
clickEvents();
}
private void initViews()
{
mTake_phone = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_phone);
mTake_photo = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
}
private void clickEvents()
{
mTake_phone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},1);
}
});
mTake_photo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},2);
}
});
}
/**
* 权限成功回调函数
*
* @param requestCode
*/
@Override
public void permissinSucceed(int requestCode) {
super.permissinSucceed(requestCode);
switch (requestCode) {
case 1:
intent= new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:15855759639"));
startActivity(intent);
break;
case 2:
intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
startActivity(intent);
break;
}
}
@Override
public void permissionFailing(int code) {
super.permissionFailing(code);
}
}
清单文件加上权限
Java代码 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
本文由职坐标整理并发布，希望对同学们有所帮助。了解更多详情请关注职坐标移动开发之Android频道！
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